منابع مشابه
Electrostatic trapping of metastable NH molecules
We report on the Stark deceleration and electrostatic trapping of NH (a ∆) radicals. In the trap, the molecules are excited on the spin-forbidden A Π ← a ∆ transition and detected via their subsequent fluorescence to the X Σ ground state. The 1/e trapping time is 1.4 ± 0.1 s, from which a lower limit of 2.7 s for the radiative lifetime of the a ∆, v = 0, J = 2 state is deduced. The spectral pro...
متن کاملProjected and hidden Markov models for calculating kinetics and metastable states of complex molecules.
Markov state models (MSMs) have been successful in computing metastable states, slow relaxation timescales and associated structural changes, and stationary or kinetic experimental observables of complex molecules from large amounts of molecular dynamics simulation data. However, MSMs approximate the true dynamics by assuming a Markov chain on a clusters discretization of the state space. This ...
متن کاملTwo-dimensional imaging of metastable CO molecules
Direct time and spatially resolved detection of metastable CO molecules, prepared in selected quantum states via pulsed laser excitation, is experimentally demonstrated in a molecular beam machine. Characterization of the molecular beam in terms of parallel and perpendicular velocity distributions and rotational temperatures is performed. A direct two-dimensional ~2D! demonstration of the mass-...
متن کاملMetastable states in magnetic nanorings
Magnetization states and hysteresis behavior of small ferromagnetic rings, of diameters 180–520 nm, have been investigated using magnetic force microscopy. In addition to the expected bi-domain ~‘‘onion’’! and flux-closed ~‘‘vortex’’! magnetization states, a metastable state has been found. This ‘‘twisted’’ state contains a 360° domain wall which can exist over a wide range of applied fields. F...
متن کاملCan Metastable States be Trapped?
Synchronizers (commonly implemented as chains of two flipflops) are used to reduce the probability that metastable states, emanating from asynchronous input transitions, propagate to state/data flip-flops and cause unwieldy catastrophes. Another way to think of this is that synchronizers “trap” metastability, preventing it from being observed by others circuits until a failure rate criteria is ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Communications in Mathematical Physics
سال: 1980
ISSN: 0010-3616,1432-0916
DOI: 10.1007/bf01212712